The age of modern jihadism began in 1928 with the creation of the Muslim Brotherhood, itself a reaction to the collapse of the Ottoman Caliphate in 1924.
This from frontpagemag.com.
Eighty years later Osama bin Laden called that event:
[A] catastrophe [and a] humiliation and disgrace.
And why? Because for moslems, the infidel West’s Christianity eclipsing Islam in importance was a disgrace that had already been tolerated much too long.
The purpose of the Muslim Brotherhood was to restore Islam to the global power and dominance of Christendom it had wielded for a millennium; and to return Islam to its divine destiny, which founder Hasan al-Bana wrote:
[Is] to dominate not to be dominated, to impose its laws [Sharia] on all nations, and to extend its power to the entire planet.